Leadership theory and ethics:
The ethics of leadership is rooted upon three pillars: (1) the moral character of the leader, (2) the ethical values embedded in the leader’s vision, articulation, and planning which followers either accept or reject, and (3) the morality of the processes of social ethical choice and action that leaders and followers engage in and collectively pursue. There are three underlying leadership theories about concerned with ethics. First, the utilitarian theory which suggests that plan and actions should be evaluated by their consequences. The basic idea is that such plans or actions should produce maximum good for maximum people. Second, the theory based on rights, a number of these rights can be found in the Bill of Rights such as freedom of speech and conscience. Third, the theory of justice demands that decision makers be guided by fairness, equity as well as impartiality. In organizations, leaders compete to achieve their goal, the methods of getting to the goal raises the levels of ethical behavior exercised.
Leadership challenges and skills:
In today's world challenges faced by leaders such as developing empathy which is to "put one-self in other's shoes" to gain trust of employees, since without trust no best efforts from employees could be produced. The leadership skills require strength and concentration to manage teamwork. Research survey conducted in June 2002 by the Society for Human Resource Management and the SHRM Human Forum showed that external leadership development was applicable in 57% of the organizations of the respondents and 51% used in-house leadership.
Challenges faced by leaders today include the task of managing an older workforce combined with the digital generation, addressing consumers' needs and satisfaction, responding to a changing economy, leading a diverse workforce comprising of ethnic minorities. Three general skills are required for leading:
- Diagnosing- understanding the situation before taking action.
- Adapting- altering behavior and other resources available to meet the demands of a situation.
- Communicating-interacting with other members and customers in a way that people can easily understand and accept.
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Leadership in organizations:
Leadership in organizations is defined as an unseen force, art or process of influencing people as they strive willingly and enthusiastically for accomplishing group goals. The essence of leadership is follower ship, which is willingness of people to follow that makes a person a leader. Depending on the quality of the directors' leadership the orchestra will respond. Leaders envision the future; they install values of quality management, risk taking calculations and concerns for employees and customers. Despite changes in organizations, the parameters of successful leadership is leader-follower interaction in the pursuit of goal accomplishment combined with readiness assessment, plausible results, and effective follow up. Leadership is behavioral science. It is a fulltime responsibility that must be practiced every hour of every day for an organization to be successfully maintained.
Self-leaderships:
Self leaderships include leading one-self toward Career Development which requires career planning, finding jobs, networking, constructing proper resumes. Personal development and productivity demands assessments, setting goals, changing one's behavior, proper training and learning Style Inventory, increasing mind power and reading skills, decision making, problem solving. Personal Wellness includes self-confidence, assertiveness, stress management and work-life Balance etc. Managing one-self through these obstacles results in fruitful self-leaderships.
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